The solution to all problems..that makes one master of the matter

Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts

Friday, April 20, 2007

The Entropy Law

The current state and the future of the world
In Physics, there are two laws, which deserve to be ranked as the supreme law. These are the first and the second law of Thermodynamics. Albert Einstein, world’s most eminent scientist, made the following observation about these laws: "The more impressive a Theory, the greater is the simplicity of its premises, the more different are the kinds of things it relates and the more extended its range of applicability." As stated in the above observation, the laws of Thermodynamics have a very wide range of applicability. These can be applied to Cosmology, History, Economics, Development of Institutions, Military, Nuclear fission and to almost everything. It would therefore, be of great advantage to know briefly what these laws are and how these explain the present state of the world and what they predict about the future
The first and the second laws of thermodynamics:
The first law of Thermodynamics is the "law of conservation". It says that energy can never be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another form. For example, when we use petrol or gasoline in the engine of our car, most part of it gets transformed into work, some of it changes into heat and some part goes out as exhaust products.

Now, in relation to this first law, it is very important to consider two things. One is that the shape, texture and movement of everything is made up of energy. Not only gasoline, coal or kerosene oil is made up of energy but rather human body, an automobile and a candle also are embodiments of various concentrations and transformations of energy. When a candle or a car is made, it is made of energy that has been gathered from somewhere else. It has not been created but transformed. The second important thing to be considered in this connection is that, when the candle is burnt, its energy does not get destroyed but is transformed from one state into another so that the total content of energy in the universe remains constant. So, it is rightly said that "there is nothing new under the sun."
The second law of thermodynamics says that every time energy is transformed from one state to another, there is a loss in the amount of that form of energy, which becomes available to perform work of some kind. The loss in the amount of ‘available energy’ is known as ‘entropy’. For example, if we burn a piece of coal, even then the total amount of energy remains the same but, due to the process of burning, some part of coal is transformed into sulphur-dioxide and other gases which go out and spread into space. Now, this part of the coal which has been transformed into sulfur dioxide and exhausts cannot be reborn to get the same work out of it. This kind of loss, wastage or penalty, is called 'Entropy'.
The second law of Thermodynamics explains that the total entropy in the world is constantly increasing. An entropy increase, therefore, means a decrease in ‘available energy’. Further, not only does available energy decrease every time something occurs in this world but the unavailable energy-form works as pollution.
Thus, according to the second law of Thermodynamics, the world is moving towards a dissipated state and the pollution in the world is constantly increasing. Furthermore, "entropy", (i.e. the ‘unavailable’ energy or pollution) in the world always tends towards a "maximum" – says the German physicist, Rudolf Claussius (who first coined the term ‘entropy’)- Rudolf Claussius further says that, in a closed system, energy moves from a higher level of concentration to a lower level as heat always flows from a hot to a cold body so that, we find that, ultimately, they have reached a stage where there is no longer any difference in energy level. This is known as ‘the equilibrium state’. This is the state where entropy has reached the maximum. i.e. where no longer ‘free energy’ is available for work. For example, when water going over a dam falls into a river, its energy can be used to generate electricity, but, once it reaches the river level, it has no ‘free’ or ‘available’ energy. Its energy is now ‘bound’ energy and it is now in the state of equilibrium.

Now the important fact that needs be pointed out in this context is that the earth is a closed system in relation to the universe; in other words, it exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings. And the universe itself also is a closed system in the sense that it does not have any flow of energy from any other universe. The amount of energy in the universe has been fixed since the beginning of time and will remain fixed till the end of time. Such being the case, the two laws of thermodynamics mean, in their final analysis, that the fixed endowment of terrestrial matter that makes up the earth and the mountains is continually dissipating and what appear ‘renewable sources’ are really non-renewable sources ultimately. In Sir James Jean’s words, "The universe is like a clock which is running down", which so far as science knows, no one ever winds up. It is at present a partially wound up clock, which must at some time in the past have been wound up in some manner unknown to us. So, the universe is like a clock, running down, whose entropy is increasing continually. Even a farmer understands that, even with constant sunshine, it is impossible to grow the same amount of grass on the same spot year after year till eternity.

Now, these facts of science, based on law of Thermodynamics, are well established. In the past, there have been many attempts by well-known scientists to challenge these laws but their attempts ended up in strengthening the position of the second law.
Another aspect of Entropy Law: (from ordered to disordered state):
Besides the energy moving from available to unavailable states and from high concentration to low concentration, there is another aspect of the second law of Thermodynamics. Entropy Law states that all energy, in an isolated system, moves from an ordered to a disordered state. The state in which energy-concentration is highest and available energy is maximum, i.e. where entropy is minimum, is also the most ordered state. In Indian scriptures, that state is called Satogun. In contrast to this, the maximum entropy state, where available energy has been highly dissipated state, in Indian scriptures, it is known as Tamogun state.

The above is in accordance with our everyday experience of the world around us. As things are let on their own, they do tend to spontaneously move to more and more dis-ordered states. If we leave our office unattended for a period, it becomes more and more dis-orderly. Another aspect of the law is that whenever we make an attempt to reverse the entropy increase, it is only done by increasing the overall entropy of the surrounding environment. The scientists Angsist and Hepler say: "each local, man-made or machine-made entropy-decrease is accompanied by a greater increase in entropy of the surroundings, thereby maintaining the required increase in total entropy.

Now, this has very great implication for the society. In practical terms, it means that the society deteriorates and becomes disorganised gradually. There is degeneration in its moral force, its spiritual stamina, the vigor of its character, the effectiveness of its character, the effectiveness of its religion and the sense of law and order. In Hindu scriptures, it has, therefore, been said that the moral and spiritual energy of the society goes on degenerating so that, ultimately, it reaches a stage of maximum entropy when God has to intervene to reverse the entropy and to bring about Satyuga or Golden Age when all material things have maximum energy-concentration, i.e. are Sato-pradhan and the souls also have maximum ‘available’ moral and spiritual energy.
According to Dharma, the souls have originally 16 degrees(100%) level of energy-concentraton and gradually due to entropy, the energy level goes down so that when there is maximum entropy and the level of energy-concentration is hardly one or two degrees, then God, the Highest Point-source of Spiritual energy, reverses the spiritual entropy by means of Godly Knowledge and Raj Yoga and the material entropy gets reversed by means of fission of nuclear weapons, natural calamities etc. so that the earth, the waters, the air and their products get again the maximum energy-concentration or satopradhan stage. In other words, when the society has passed through its four stages of Satyuga, Tretayuga, Dwapur Yuga and Kaliyuga and is in the fifth, i.e. the Sangam Yuga (confluence age), then God descends to reverse the entropy.
The need for God’s act in such a situation is evident because, according to the Entropy Law, in a closed system, entropy increase cannot be reversed without increasing the entropy in the surroundings and therefore, in real terms, an outside source of energy is required to raise the energy concentration without lowering the energy level in the surroundings.

It would be of interest to the readers to know that the Greeks also considered history as a process of continual degradation. The Greek historian-Hesiod, has described these five ages as the Golden, Silver, Brass, iron and Heroic Age. The Greeks believed that each of the succeeding Age was more degraded. The Golden Age was the highest. It was a period of affluence and peace. The Belief was: "In the beginning, there was a golden race of immortal men, who lived like gods, with hearts free from care, without labour and sorrow. Pitiful old age did not await them, but they were ever the same in strength of hand and foot. When they died, it was as though they were overcome by sleep. All good things were theirs and the grain harvest was yielded by the bountiful earth of her own accord--abundantly and ungrudgingly – while they lived in peace and goodwill upon their lands.
The following is what has been said about the Iron Age: "For now, in these latter days is the Race of Iron. Never by days shall they rest from travail and sorrow, and never by night from the web of the vices. The father shall not be of one mind with the children, nor the children with the father, nor the guest with the host that receives them, nor friends with friends. Parents shall swiftly age and swiftly be dishonoured. The righteous man or the good man or he that keeps his oath shall not find favour, but they shall rather honour the doer of wrong and the right shall rest in might of hand--and truth shall be no more."
The Greeks believed not only in inevitable process of decay during the each subsequent age of history but, they also believed that, finally the universe would approach chaos and then God would intervene once again and restore the original conditions of moral and material perfection, so that the process would then begin once again. Thus, they did not believe in the evolution of man from the state of chaos or disorder to a state of civilisation and development but from a state of perfection to a state of moral degeneration and also in repetition of the world cycle.
Similarly, the Romans also originally believed in a process of continual degradation. In Roman mythology, it is said: "Time depreciates the value of the world." The Christian view of history is also almost the same. Though they abandoned the Greek concept of cycles--they believe that, originally, God created man in His own image and sin entered into the world later.

Tuesday, March 27, 2007

Scientists have known for some time that the Earth's magnetic field is fading.








Like a Kryptonite-challenged Superman, its strength has steadily and mysteriously waned, leaving parts of the planet vulnerable to increased radiation from space.
Some satellites already feel the effects.
What is uncertain is whether the weakened field is on the way to a complete collapse and a reversal that would flip the North and South Poles.
Compasses pointing North would then point South.
It is not a matter of whether it will happen, but when, said scientists who presented the latest research on the subject at a recent meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco.
But when is hard to pinpoint. The dipole reversal pattern is erratic.
"We can have periods without reversals for many millions of years, and we can have four or five reversals within one million years," said Yves Gallet, from Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, France, who studies the palaeomagnetic record and estimates that the current decay started 2,000 years ago.



Flip or flop


Over the last century and a half, since monitoring began, scientists have measured a 10% decline in the dipole.
At the current rate of decline it would take 1,500 to 2,000 years to disappear.
SEAFLOOR RECORDER

As molten rock rises, spreads out and cools, magnetised minerals record field direction
Over millions of years, the seafloor rocks retain a 'barcode' of pole reversals
These pole reversal events may take perhaps 10,000 years to complete
The last major pole flip appears to have been about 780,000 years ago A particular weakness in the field has been observed off the coast of Brazil in the so-called Southern Atlantic Anomaly. Here, eccentricities in the Earth's core have caused a "dip" in the field, leaving it 30% weaker than elsewhere.
The extra dose of radiation creates electronic glitches in satellites and spacecraft that fly through it. Even the Hubble telescope has been affected.
Magnetic reversals were always preceded by weakened magnetic fields, said Dr Gallet, but not all weakened fields bring on a flip-flop.
The Earth's invisible shield could also grow back in strength. "Then sometime, maybe 10,000 years from now, the dipole will decay again and that will lead to a reversal," said Harvard physicist Jeremy Bloxham.
The theme was recently taken up by Hollywood in the movie The Core, in which the Earth's core mysteriously stops spinning, effectively turning off the electromagnetic field.
The movie is nonsense, scientists told BBC News Online, except that the Earth's magnetic field is generated by activity deep inside it.

Monday, March 26, 2007

The Dreamspell Story

The Dreamspell Story
The Dreamspell is part of a prophetic "time release." It is coded into the information left by the Classic or Galactic Mayan. This insight was discovered by Dr. José Argüelles. It was brought to light in his pioneering work on the codes of time, The Mayan Factor, in which he identified the dates for the world-wide peace event known as the Harmonic Convergence. Dr. Argüelles and his wife Lloydine further revealed and refined their understanding of the secrets of 4th dimensional time in their subsequent work, The Dreamspell. According to Dr. Argüelles, a Dreamspell is "any agreed upon belief system which creates a continuing state of consciousness." We are now at the end of the Dreamspell of history and at the beginning of the Dreamspell of galactic culture. This means that we are coming to the end of the belief in the male dominant, warrior hero, fear and separation paradigm. And we are preparing to move into the love based, artist hero paradigm of natural time. All we have to do is change our view of time and open ourselves to the love that is inherent in us all.There have been many dire predictions about this time in the history of the Earth. Most common is the prediction of the end of the world. This is a misconception. It is meant to be the end of Time. An end to the old, limiting, arbitrarily imposed, artificial time, the time of the male dominant, warrior hero, separation and fear based paradigm. This paradigm is held in place by the use of the 12 month calendar and the 60 minute hour, which we refer to as 12:60 time.The end of artificial 12:60 time signals the beginning of the return to natural time, a time in harmony with the Earth and with the natural cycles coded into the human female biological cycle, the cycle of 13 moons and 28 days. It holds within it the potential to reinstate a balanced, positive, artist hero, love and unity based paradigm. The purpose of this calendar is to make available these codes of natural time.The secret of time is that it is the 4th dimension. The codes of time are found in the sacred calendar of the classic Maya, known as the Tzolkin. Within the cycle of the 260 day Tzolkin there is a 13 day galactic cycle, associated with the "galactic tones" and a 20 day solar cycle, associated with the solar tribe glyphs. These two smaller cycles turn together and overlap to form the 260 day cycle. This is the cycle of 4th dimensional time, which comes into the solar system from the galaxy. It runs concurrently with the 365 day cycle of the year, to create 4th dimensional time as it applies to this solar system.Time is both spiritual and physical simultaneously. This is why it is the 4th dimension. It serves to bridge between the physical and spiritual because it operates within both.This calendar is designed to help you understand the aspects of time as the 4th dimension and to give you access to the physical and spiritual aspects of time. The natural cycle of physical time is governed by the movement of the Earth around the Sun in a circle. It is then divided by the movement of the Moon around the Earth in a circle, the 28 day cycle coded into the bodies of all women on the Earth. This is the cycle that governs the physical aspects of life. Men are coded with the 28 day cycle, as well, in the 28 day biorhythm cycle.This calendar also shows you the corresponding dates from the 260 day sacred calendar, the cycle that governs the spiritual aspects of life. The Dreamspell Calendar offers you the ability to access both the physical and spiritual aspects of time, in a very natural way already coded into the lives of everyone. It is also designed to serve as a conversion calendar from the old 12:60 time to the new time of 13:20, as it contains the dates which correlate it to the 12 month calendar everyone now uses, known as the Gregorian Calendar.You may ask, "If this cycle is so natural, why aren't we already using it?" Actually, all ancient indigenous peoples used this system long ago, not just the Mayans. The 12 month calendar commonly utilized today is known as the "Gregorian Calendar" because it was instituted by the edict of Pope Gregory in 1582. However, it is just an update of the original Julian Calendar, the calendar instituted by Julius Caesar as a calendar of conquest. In truth, Rome's purpose in imposing the Julian calendar on the people they conquered was to take away the power from the people and to give their power away to Rome. Invariably, this calendar was imposed on people who were utilizing the 28 day, 13 moon calendar system. These were people who were very in tune with nature, because of their connection to time as a natural cycle. To take their power away, Caesar imposed a false time upon them. A time which would take them out of step with nature. A time which would force them to look to Rome as their source of power. It was not until the early 1900s that the 12 month calendar was accepted as the world standard. So, in truth, 2000 years later Rome has conquered the world. And nobody even questions the accuracy of the calendar.Let's look briefly at the 12 month calendar and see why it is an inaccurate way to measure time. First of all, it has months of different lengths. If someone gave you a ruler and some of the inches were longer and some were shorter, would you use that as an accurate form of measure? Secondly, whenever you have to think, "30 days has September..." in order to remember the inharmonic numbering of the days of the months, you are actually reverting to a grade-school level of consciousness. Thirdly, the names of the months July and August are both named after Caesars. September, October, November and December are Roman words that mean 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th month, respectively. But are they ? Finally, the beginning of the year, January 1, is a date arbitrarily chosen by Caesar. Why are we still following the edicts of Rome ?When we are born we are not asked what calendar we want to use. We simply have one imposed on us by the people who have come before us. Time is a mental concept inreference to the way we perceive it. We simply have to change our minds and time will change. In fact, it will revert back to its natural state. This act alone will begin the movement of our culture back into harmony with nature.This is a monumental time in the history of the Earth. We have the opportunity to shift one of our core beliefs, the belief in time as linear. It is the 12 month calendar that holds in place the belief in the past, present and future. Time is a cycle, not a line. Each time the cycle turns we have the opportunity to make our lives better.Yes, this is the end of time. It is also the end of the world as we know it. But, that does not mean destruction. It simply means that we are preparing to birth a new world in which we can live and love in peace, harmony and goodwill for all.